The 45th Infantry Division guardsmen saw no major action until they became one of the first National Guard units activated in World War II in 1941. Major General Roy Hoffman took command in 1931, followed by Alexander M. Tuthill, Alexander E. McPherren in 1935, and William S. Key in 1936. B Company), 2nd Chemical Mortar Battalion (less The U.S. [118], The division briefly patrolled the Korean Demilitarized Zone following the signing of the armistice ending the war, but most of its men returned home and reverted to National Guard status on 30 April 1954. German soldiers began surrendering to the Allies in large groups; 325,000 soldiers and civilians . "[19][18] In spite of these deficiencies, less than one month later, the men's tour of duty was extended for another eighteen months, much to their chagrin, because of concerns of an impending American entry into World War II.[17]. Veterans and next of kin of deceased veterans also may use eVetRecs to request records. This explains the book he had on the 180th Regiment. [24] Also assigned to the division were the 158th, 160th, 171st, and 189th Field Artillery Battalions, the 45th Signal Company, the 700th Ordnance Company, the 45th Quartermaster Company, the 45th Reconnaissance Troop, the 120th Engineer Combat Battalion, and the 120th Medical Battalion. Raymer, Joe US Navy 419. Fearing political ramifications, Army leaders sought to prevent large numbers of casualties from any one state, and the 45th Infantry Division was an all-Oklahoma organization at the beginning of the war. 1912 - 1946 for Army units that may include morning reports of the component units of the 45th Infantry Division and the 3rd Infantry Division, as well as the 290 Infantry Regiment. The Spanish colors, red and gold, indicate that the four States (Colorado, Oklahoma, New. One possible method of researching his assignments is to start with the morning resorts for the last unit to which he was assigned, which would be the HQ & HQ Company 290 Infantry Regiment. AAA Group, 31.08.1944-10.11.1944 & 23.11.1944 &18.02.1945 You may experience a delay in receiving an initial acknowledgment as well as a substantive response to your reference request from RL-SL. As I turned to look over the prison yard with unbelieving eyes, I saw a large number of dead inmates lying where they had fallen in the last few hours or days before our arrival. On April 20, it captured the city of Nuremberg and on April 30, Munich. One story I often share to illustrate how we have to look at the stories left by soldiers and their families helps illustrate the problem. [125], As of 1 August 1950, the division consisted of 698. Ray, John F Company, 505th Parachute Infantry Regiment, 82nd Airborne Division 482. Jive Software Version: 9.13.0.0 , revision: 20220815205735.50e1b0c.master, Seeking roster for 45th Infantry Division, Re: Seeking roster for 45th Infantry Division. The 45th Division was deployed on the southeastern side of the beachhead, along the lower Mussolini Canal.[45]. [35] After this, the division was allocated to drive towards Messina, being ordered by the Seventh Army commander to cover the distance as quickly as possible. In addition to burying the dead, the Allied forces attempted to help and comfort the survivors with food, clothing and medical assistance. Also in that collection are two Army Air Corps patches - he started out in the Air Corps - and one USSTAF patch, which the Air Corps evolved into sometime prior to the crossing of the Rhine. [109] It also conducted constant small-unit patrols along the border seeking to engage Chinese outposts or patrols. [1], On 16 September 1940, the 45th Infantry Division, under Major General William S. Key, was federalized from state control. He never claimed to have liberated Dauchau, just that he was there, no other details, and we only learned that toward the end of his life. Lucas sent famed U.S. Army Ranger leader Colonel William Orlando Darby to assume command of the 157th Infantry, and the Germans were repulsed. Please turn JavaScript back on and reload this page. The dates after the campaign name are the dates of the campaign not of the division. The 45th Infantry Museum honors not just their service, but that of all Oklahomans. Rosters. The Army Almanac: A Book of Facts Concerning the Army of the United States; , U.S. Government Printing Office. [49] The 45th, 36th, and 3rd Infantry Divisions were pulled from the line in Italy in preparation for Operation Dragoon (formerly Anvil), the invasion of southern France. When US troops arrived in Dachau on April 29, they found 2,310 additional corpses on the train. This Native American symbol became the division's insignia in 1939. [39] It sent half of its artillery to support the 70th Infantry Division. The 45th Infantry Division was recognized as a liberating unit by the US Army's Center of Military History and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 1985. His photos seem to point to him potentially being in the 45th Infantry.We know he entered as a private and within 6 months was a Master Seargent. [91] As a result, in February 1951, the 45th Infantry Division was alerted that it would sail for Japan. [16] In August 1941, the 45th Infantry Division took part in the Louisiana Maneuvers, the largest peacetime exercises in U.S. military history. [18] Still operating with outmoded equipment from World War I, the division did not perform well during these exercises, and was criticized by officers who considered it "feeble. [105], The 45th Infantry Division, along with the 7th Infantry Division, fought off repeated Chinese attacks all along the front line throughout 1952, and Chinese forces frequently attacked Old Baldy Hill into the fall of that year. His old dress uniform has a 3rd Infantry Division shoulder patch. I think that means he would have been in one of the artillery units for the 45th Infantry Division, but I don't know where to find a roster to check. The Dachau massacre and other reprisal killings of concentration camp guards and trustee inmates. Nevertheless, the Army officials in charge of this camp advised us that there were 50 of these cars in this 1 train and that at least 100 of these civilians had been jammed into each car . I have a newspaper clipping from the local paper that he had informed his parents that he had been transferred to the infantry - from the Air Corp/Air Force - of course there would be no mention of what unit he was transferred to, and this was during the winter of '44, when they were pulling men from all branches to fill the line. I've often thought he may have been attached to the 75th after they were sent south to the Colmar Pocket, and when that was over, and the 75th went back north, Dad was transferred out to - my best guess at the time - the 3rd Division. In practice, the military institutionally recognized the Korea unit as the only "official" division, and most of the returning Oklahoma guardsmen were either separated from the Guard at the end of their enlistments or remained in inactive reserve status. [7], The 45th Infantry Division Museum is located in Oklahoma City, and includes a substantial collection of cartoons by World War II cartoonist Bill Mauldin, who served with it during the war. families that they liberated Dachu, when technically it was a subcamp called Kaufring II in Landsburg. A Company), A Company, 83rd Chemical Mortar Battalion, C Company, 83rd Chemical Mortar Battalion, B Company, 83rd Chemical Mortar Battalion, D Company, 83rd Chemical Mortar Battalion, 3rd Chemical Mortar Battalion (less [112] Around that time, the 45th Infantry Division relinquished command of Old Baldy Hill to the 2nd Infantry Division. This tool uses JavaScript and much of it will not work correctly without it enabled. I always felt there was more than a random reason he would have that, though his name\photo is not in the book. After brief inactivation and subsequent reorganization as a unit restricted to Oklahomans, the division returned to duty in 1951 for the Korean War. The scene near the entrance to the confinement area numbed my senses. [21][23] By the time the 45th Division landed in North Africa on 22 June 1943, the Allies had largely secured the African theater. Sheeran told Brandt that, when a German soldier had just killed his close friends and then tried to surrender, he would often "send him to hell, too". We searched the National Archives Catalog and located Morning Reports, ca. We saw many dead bodies on the ground. [37][40], On 3 November it crossed the Volturno River and took Venafro. You can not post a blank message. [31] After initially encountering resistance from armor of the Hermann Goering Division, the division advanced, supported by paratroopers of the 505th Parachute Regimental Combat Team, part of the 82nd Airborne Division, who landed inland on 11 July. Malnutrition and disease were rampant, and corpses lay unburied. The 3rd Division was not directly involved in the liberation of Dachau, but Dad, if he was with the 3rd Division, could have been sent over to see the camp. Assignments The 45th Infantry Division in World War II: An Unofficial Guide to Resources Short version, I know that my father was transferred from the Army Air Corps to the infantry, I don't know to what division, in the winter of 1944, when the Allies were lined up along the Rhine. Command Posts. [39] At this time, VI Corps was attached to the Seventh Army, under Lieutenant General Alexander Patch, itself part of the Sixth United States Army Group under Lieutenant General Jacob L. Please be aware that NPRC is prioritizing the requests for separation documents needed by veterans and their dependents to prove eligibility for a variety of benefits. Under this Headquarters, the Regimental CP became the, George Fisher, in his superb "The Story of the 180th Infantry Regiment,", states "On June 9th, our Regiment was relieved of its mission of guarding, the Dachau Concentration Camp by the 72nd AAA Battalion. I found that book on the 180th Regiment by George Fisher on line. Group, 21.10.1944-24.10.1944 & 01.11.1944-11.11.1944, 15.08.1944-18.08.1944 & 19.09.1944-27.10.1944 Dad was not given to bragging about his three years in Europe. I have two rosters of the 45th Division plus several Excel worksheets of men who served in the division. Campaigns of the 45th Infantry Division: Central Europe. After the North Korean People's Army invaded the Republic of Korea, four understrength U.S. divisions on occupation duty in Japan were rushed to South Korea to stand alongside the Republic of Korea Army. Some of the victims apparently had died only hours before the 45th Division entered the camp, while many others lay where they had died in states of decomposition that overwhelmed the soldiers' senses. Our officials advised us that many of the others who had survived the trip had died since in the camp, and many more, although still alive, were starved beyond redemption. History Of the 45th Infantry Following World War I, the National Defense Act of 1920 created the authority to form the 45th Infantry Division from the four states of Oklahoma, Colorado, Arizona and New Mexico. last revision document.write(document.lastModified). Sheeran claimed to have participated in numerous massacres and summary executions of German POWs, acts which violated the Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907 and the 1929 Geneva Convention on POWs. Two regiments of the 45th (the 179th and 157th Infantry) were sent to the Aprilia sector to reinforce the British. 1st Cavalry . [63] Accounts conflict over what happened and over how many German troops were killed. [49] The division was allowed a one-month rest, resuming its advance on 25 November, attacking the forts north of Mutzig. [103] Though the division was no longer an "All-Oklahoma" unit, leaders opted to keep its designation as the 45th Infantry Division. [99], Though the 45th remained de facto segregated as an all-white unit in 1950,[100] individual unit commanders went to great lengths to integrate reinforcements from different areas and ethnicity into their units. Division, 1st Battalion, 315th Infantry Regiment, He described often witnessing similar behavior by fellow, Orders from unit commanders during a mission. Error: You don't have JavaScript enabled. [106] It was deployed around Chorwon and assigned to protect the key routes from that area into Seoul. [124], Note: Similarity of dates for General Muldrow and commanders beginning with General Ruffner is because 45th Infantry Division, AUS, was retained in Korea while twin unit, 45th Infantry Division, NGUS, was activated in Oklahoma. They took part in intense fighting during the invasion of Sicily and the attack on Salerno in the 1943 Italian Campaign. Is the 3rd ID patch on his right or left shoulder (as he would have worn the uniform)? The 45th Infantry Division took the strongly defended city of Epinal on 24 September. It's like a window back in time. This tool uses JavaScript and much of it will not work correctly without it enabled. We have every reason to believe him, because he was not the kind to tell stories just to make himself look good. [119] That same year, due to the perceived lack of need for so many large formations in the Army National Guard, the 45th Infantry Division was inactivated, as part of a larger move to reduce the number of Army National Guard divisions from 15 to eight, while increasing the number of separate brigades from seven to 18. B Company, 325th Engineer Combat [57], During and after the war, courts-martial were convened to investigate possible war crimes by members of the division. Main telephone: 202.488.0400 If there is any information requested by the form that you do not know, you may omit it or provide estimates (such as for dates), but the more information you provide, the easier it will be to locate the correct file if it survived the fire. forces. [104], The division remained as a unit of the Oklahoma National Guard, and participated in no major actions throughout the rest of the 1950s save regular weekend and summer training exercises. According to the regimental After Action Report of May 1945. the 1st and 2nd Battalions were assigned to guard duty at KZ Dachau. Please check NARAs web page about COVID-19 updates for the latest information. Screen shot attached. By mid-February, the 45th was positioned astride the "Via Anziate," the road leading to Rome. Please type your message and try again. Click the image to view the campaign. Find topics of interest and explore encyclopedia content related to those topics, Find articles, photos, maps, films, and more listed alphabetically, Recommended resources and topics if you have limited time to teach about the Holocaust, Explore the ID Cards to learn more about personal experiences during the Holocaust. On 16 February, a major German attack struck the 45th, and nearly broke through the 179th Infantry on 18 February. On April 28, the day before liberation, a train bearing about 40 or so railway cars arrived at the camp. [89] Because of heavy casualties and slow reinforcement rates, the Army looked to the National Guard to provide additional units to relieve the beleaguered Eighth Army. They had few soldiers left, very little ammunition, and even food was running out in some places. Nora Drewry wrote on January 10, 2014. [87][88], Initially, the division was used to provide a pool of reinforcements for the divisions which had been sent to the Korean War theater, and in January 1951 it provided 650 enlisted fillers for overseas service. [10] In 1937, the division's troops were once again called up, this time to help manage a locust plague affecting Colorado. Originally organized in the continental U.S. in 1917, this organization sailed to the Philippines with all of its records and colors. like the original poster my grandfather was originally in the army air corp as a belly gunner in I believe the B24, but was transferred to infantry after a perforated eardrum. The 45th landed at Anzio, 22 January 1944, and for 4 months stood its ground against violent assaults. Hey Dave, Im new to this site and stumbled across this thread. Artillery and the four Artillery Battalions) and did not find his name. [48] Men of the 45th Division were the first Allied troops to reach the Vatican. "Train, No. The following month, the division landed in Sicily, where it engaged Axis troops in combat. The terrain was difficult and the weather was poor in the region. [59][60][61], In a third incident, the Army considered court-martialling several officers of the 157th Infantry Regiment under Lieutenant Colonel Felix L. Sparks after servicemen were accused of massacring German soldiers who were surrendering at the Dachau concentration camp in 1945. [8] The 45th Infantry Division was then based around the 157th, 179th, and 180th Infantry Regiments. The 45th Infantry Division was a National Guard Unit. ", It appears that most of the regiment remained in the Dachau vicinity until, 20 July, when the regiment embarked by train for Camp St. Louis. [28], The division was subsequently assigned a lead role in the amphibious assault on Sicily, coming ashore on 10 July. [36] The 45th Division spent a few days in that city, but on 1 August, the division was withdrawn from the front line for rest and rear-guard patrol duty,[26] after which the division was assigned to Major General Ernest J. Dawley's VI Corps, part of the U.S. Fifth Army, under Lieutenant General Mark W. Clark, in preparation for the invasion of mainland Italy. Campaigns of the 45th Infantry Division: Rome-Arno. When describing his first murder for organized crime, Sheeran recalled: "It was just like when an officer would tell you to take a couple of German prisoners back behind the line and for you to 'hurry back'. A Company), B & C Companies, 2nd Chemical NPRC expects to eliminate this portion of the backlog by fall 2022, and restore their pre-pandemic response times of under ten days for these requests later this fall. These pages are built and maintained by the World War II Recreation Association with membership in Northern Delaware, Eastern Pennsylvania, and New Jersey. Airborne Anti-Aircraft Artillery Armored Division Army's 1st - 15th Army Air Corps Artillery Band Cavalry Chaplain Corps Chemical Coast Artillery Corps Engineers Finance Corps General Staff Infantry Division Inspector General Department Intelligence Corps Judge Advocate General Corps Medical Corps Military . Some of the German troops were camp guards; the others were sick and wounded troops from a nearby hospital. Our History Department collects Veteran information for this website and the Library of Congress Veterans History Project. With the American entry into World War I, in April 1917, troops of the National Guard were formed into the units which exist today, with elements of the Colorado National Guard forming the 157th Infantry Regiment, the Arizona National Guard forming the 158th Infantry Regiment, and the New Mexico National Guard forming the 120th Engineer Regiment. the 45th infantry division, oklahoma, colorado, arizona and new mexico national guards, the thunderbirds, were a group of citizen soldiers who fought long and hard during world war ii (sicily, naples-foggia, anzio, rome-arno, southern france, rhineland, ardennes-alsace, and central europe campaigns), and still do today, as a seperate infantry [104][n 3], By the time the division was in place, the battle lines on both sides had largely solidified, leaving the 45th Infantry Division in a stationary position as it conducted attacks and counterattacks for the same ground. Division, 2nd Battalion, 411th Infantry Regiment, [80] Its colors were returned to Oklahoma on 25 September of that year, formally ending the division's presence in Korea. His discharge papers list him as part of HQ & HQ Company 290 Infantry, which, if I'm right was part of the 75th Division, but they were farther to the north, involved in the Bulge. During World War I, Colonel A. W. Bloor, commander of the 142nd Infantry, 36th Division, tested and deployed a code, using the Choctaw language in place of regular military code. After investigating the incident, the Army considered court-martialling several officers involved, but Patton successfully intervened. His name was William C. Dennard, enlisted in Houston, TX in October of '42. On April 29, 1945, three US Army divisions converged on the camp: the 42nd Infantry, the 45th Infantry, and the 20th Armored. [55] The 45th Infantry Division, now commanded by Major General Robert T. Frederick, who had previously commanded the 1st Special Service Force, was reassigned to VI Corps on New Year's Day. It will take considerably longer to eliminate the backlog on other types of requests, such as genealogical requests for complete copies of records. The 45th participated in its fourth assault landing, 15 August 1944, at St. Maxime in Southern France. [26], Most of the division returned to New York in September 1945, and from there went to Camp Bowie, Texas. Wilkin. PFC Donald E. Thompson, member of I Company, 3rd Battalion, 180th Infantry Regiment, per the 29 June 1945 Roster of the. [8] As a consequence of these militia roots, when the division was properly organized, many of its members were marksmen and outdoorsmen from the remote frontier regions of the Southwestern United States. [6] The division was formed and federally recognized as a National Guard unit on 3 August 1923 in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. [108], Initially, the division did not fare well, though it improved quickly. Primarily I'm looking for a roster of the 45th Division, but also interested in the same for the 3rd Division. [42] For this mission, CCA (Combat Command A) of the 1st Armored Division was attached to the 45th Infantry Division. For more information, please refer to Onsite Operations at the National Personnel Records Center in St. Louis. Send Email To NORA DREWRY. Will order it. and see if I can find a CIB for your dad. 45th Infantry Division. Casualty figures for the 45th Infantry Division, European theater of operations: The 45th Infantry Division gained its nickname, "Thunderbird" division, from the gold thunderbird. So he might have actually meant one of the subcamps which would increase the number of possible units. Welcome to our 45th Infantry Division photo Galleries. Veterans and next of kin of deceased veterans also may use eVetRecs to request records. The main goals of the World War II Recreation Association, 45th Infantry Division reenactors are to honor the veterans who served the United States Armed Forces in World War Two so that their legacy may live on, and to educate all within our reach about the history of our nation and our Armed Forces. We have placed this here so that you can get to see the faces of the men behind the history. [39] The Fifth Army was battered and pushed back by German forces until 20 September, when Allied forces were finally able to break out and establish a more secure beachhead. Throughout 1942, it continued this training at Camp Barkeley, Texas,[20] before moving to Fort Devens, Massachusetts, to undergo amphibious assault training in preparation for an invasion of Italy. [114] The 245th Tank Battalion was sent to assault Chinese positions throughout late 1952, but most of the division held a stationary defensive line against the Chinese. [48] The U.S. [citation needed]. We hope this is helpful. [117] One soldier from the division, Charles George, was awarded the Medal of Honor while serving in Korea. But the mule drivers were shot and buried in the holes they had dug. The Division fought defensively along the German border, withdrawing to the Moder River. After landing in France during Operation Dragoon, they joined the 1945 drive into Germany that ended the War in Europe. At the time, the 45th Infantry Division was comprised overwhelmingly of high school students or recent graduates and only about 60 percent of its divisional troops had conducted training and drills with the division for a year or more. In 1963, the formation was reorganized in accordance with the Reorganization Objective Army Divisions plan, which saw the establishment of a 1st, 2nd and 3rd Brigade within the division. On 30 January 1944, when VI Corps advanced from the beaches, it encountered heavy resistance and took heavy casualties. WW2 Order of Battle Medical Units. However, please note that these records are not online and NARA is not staffed to do this level of research for you. These prisoners had apparently crawled out of the cars and had died on the ground. [95], On 1 September 1950,[96] the 45th Infantry Division was activated as the first National Guard division to be deployed to the Far East theater since World War II. . In many cases where personnel records were destroyed in the 1973 fire, proof of service can be provided from other records such as morning reports, payrolls, and military orders, and a certificate of military service will be issued. & 01.11.1944-10.11.1944 & 01.12.1944-14.02.1945 & 05.03.1945-22.03.1945 The number of POWs taken by the 45th Division during its almost two years of fighting totalled 124,840 men. [122][123], The 45th Infantry Division was awarded eight campaign streamers and one foreign unit award in World War II and four campaign streamers and one foreign unit award in the Korean War, for a total of twelve campaign streamers and two foreign unit decorations in its operational history. Following Sicily the division landed at Salerno and Anzio, as part of the forces in the taking of Italy. [14] The new insignia featured the Thunderbird, another Native American symbol, and was approved in 1939. I can count on one hand the stories - harmless stories - we know of his time over there. [21] It then moved to Pine Camp, New York briefly for winter warfare training, but was hampered by continuously poor weather. [41] Until 9 January 1944, the division, now under Major General William W. Eagles (replacing Major General Middleton who, struck down with arthritis, was sent to England to command VIII Corps in the Normandy invasion), inched forward into the mountains reaching St. Elia, north of Monte Cassino, before moving to a rest area. The Seventh Army was being disbanded and Patton had been appointed Military Governor of Bavaria, placing the matter in his hands. I came on this site hoping to find a clue to Dad's whereabouts in Germany after crossing the Rhine, but I have to say I don't appreciate him being dismissed as every Tom, Dick, and Harry. Although the information contained in the following pages is not specific to the 45th Infantry Division, it presents an accurate overview of each campaign. Inside this website you will find over 100 pages of Maps History and Photographs of the World War Two Thunderbirds. Battles & Campaigns of World War II Combat load of Infantry SoldierSicily [39] The division crossed the Danube River on 27 April, and liberated 32,000 captives of the Dachau concentration camp on 29 April 1945. The 45th Infantry Regiment, Philippine Scouts, was an element of the Philippine Division, U.S. Army, based at Ft. McKinley. [85] Only 10 percent of the division's officers and five percent of its enlisted men had combat experience with the division from World War II. . [80] Instead of comprising units from several states, the post-war 45th was an all-Oklahoma organization. Additionally, only about 20 percent of its personnel had prior experience of military service from World War II. In size, these cars were of the small European type, which, when used for the movement of troops, would never accommodate more than 40 men. kirill petrenko health, Can count on one hand the stories - we know of his time there. 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Of '42 appointed Military Governor of Bavaria, placing the matter in his hands when US troops in... Were sent to the regimental after Action Report of may 1945. the 1st and 2nd Battalions were assigned to the... Was poor in the 1943 Italian campaign, very little ammunition, and for 4 stood! These records are not online and NARA is not in the amphibious assault on Sicily, where engaged. U.S. Army, based at Ft. McKinley support the 70th Infantry Division: Central Europe more information, note... 48 ] men of the World War two Thunderbirds additionally, only about 20 of. Division took the strongly defended city of Epinal on 24 September lucas famed... April 29, they found 2,310 additional corpses on the ground, a major German attack the... World War II, & quot ; Via Anziate, & quot ; Via Anziate, quot... Of all Oklahomans > kirill petrenko health < /a > 106 ] was. The matter in his hands Sicily, where it engaged Axis troops in combat the Seventh Army was disbanded... Information for this website and the attack on Salerno in the book he on. Or patrols States ( Colorado, Oklahoma, it captured the city of Epinal 24. Rosters of the 157th Infantry, and even food was running out in some places on Sicily, where engaged! 3 August 1923 in Oklahoma city, Oklahoma, new corpses lay.! Over how many German troops were camp guards and trustee inmates during Dragoon...
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